d e s i g n

No. Type Topic Title Author Publisher Date Available? ISBN Keywords Source Abstract

c Article design Inside the Office DUFFY F, TRICKETT T, OADES R, ET AL Architects' Journal, v186(33 & 34), 33-39, 42-47, 50-51, 53-55, 57-59, 64-65, 67-81 1987 N offices' design, new technologies BRE-Library This special issue includes a series of articles and case studies concerning modern office design which deal with the need for design flexibility, the arrangement of personal space, cabling for office technology, advanced lighting, air-conditioning, refurbishment and management of projects.

17 publication, 156pp. offices' design New environments for working: the re-design of offices and environmental systems for new ways of working. LAING A, DUFFY F, JAUNZENS D, WILLIS S Building Research Establishment (BRE) 1998 Y office design, offices' patterns, environmental services BRE-Library Changes in patterns of office use now demand a new approach to environmental services; ie HVAC and lighting. Four new metaphors have been devised to describe new organisational patterns of work and their spatial consequences: hive, den, cell and club. This book describes how these concepts can be applied and their consequences for office design and operation. (From introduction)

18 publication, 230 pp. design The responsible workplace. The redesign of work and offices. DUFFY F, LAING A, CRISP V DEGW London Ltd., Building Research Establishment (BRE) Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann. 1993 N enviromental standard, requirements, redesign workplace BRE-Library Building research informs the future - and nowhere is that more evident than in the design of office buildings. Today, office work is being transformed by information technology, new forms of organisation and global markets. In addition, office buildings have to meet ever higher environmental standards. The past is an unreliable guide in such a rapid period of change. Yet long life structures have still to be erected to accommodate increasingly volatile organisations. DEWG and the Building Research Establishment (BRE) have attempted to identify future requirements and future opportunities. (From foreword)

21 Article strategic issue in briefing, design, and operation Future buildings and their services. Strategic considerations for designers and clients BORDASS W, LEAMAN A Building Research and Information, v.25 no.4, p.190-195 1997 N strategic issue, design, optimum performance, minimising risk BRE-Library The authors explore strategic issues in briefing, design and operation of buildings and their services. Feedback from post-occupancy surveys suggests a need for better integration, less complication, and robust rather than optimum performance, with a concentration on ends rather than means. Emphasis must be given to usability, manageability and minimising downside risks. (Author abstract)

22 Article dbuildings'services Future buildings and their services: strategic considerations for designers and their clients. BORDASS B, LEAMAN A Proceedings of the CIBSE/ASHRAE Joint National Conference, Harrogate, UK, volume 1, pp.88-96 29 Sept - 1 1996, N post-occupancy evaluation, benchmarks, performance BRE-Library Post-occupancy evaluations of buildings, their services and their occupants, have been broadening out from single issues into all aspects of performance. More data, better described contexts, and developing benchmarks, are now allowing common features to be identified and hypotheses tested against existing data and in new surveys. The results begin to reveal a world in which habits, priorities and values can differ significantly from the assumptions which designers, their clients, industry and researchers may make. This has potential impact for briefing, design and operation in an age where conflicting and paradoxical requirements like uncertainty, competitiveness, cost-effectiveness and sustainability are radically affecting the design and use of buildings. (From author abstract)

23 article ventilation Ventilation of office buildings: deciding the most appropriate system. LEAMAN A, COHEN R, JACKMAN P Heating and Air Conditioning, no.7/8, p.16-18;20;22-24;26-28 July/August 1995, N ventilation system, comfort, health, energy factor BRE-Library Presents a review of the basic principles of the four main types of ventilation system: air conditioning, mechanical ventilation, natural ventilation and mixed mode. Products on the market are used to illustrate the different types, and their effects on comfort and health and related organisational and design considerations, environmental and energy factors.

24 Article design Designing for manageability. LEAMAN A Building Services (CIBSE Journal), v.15 no.3, p.30-31 1993 N design, manageability, working environment BRE-Library On the basis of a year-long study of how people make use of controls in buildings, the author suggests that response time is one of the most important factors in providing a working environment acceptable to occupants. The time taken for the building to respond to changes, either by human intervention or an automated building management system is critical.

27 Article Sick Building Syndrome Sick Building Syndrome: An Introduction RAW G J. Building Research Establishment (BRE) Procs. of the Spring Meeting of the Biodeterioration Society, 1989 N Sick Building Syndrome BRE-Library Sets out BRE’s understanding of what is meant by Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) distinguising it from other building-related health issues. Summarises what is known about possible causes. Finally, there is discussion of what research is needed, and the rationale behind current BRE investigations into the cause of Sick Building Syndrome. (From author abstract)

28 Article intelligent buildings What do we mean by intelligent buildings? DEREK T, CLEMENT-CROOME J Automation in Construction, v.6 no.5-6, p.394-400 1997 N intelligent buildings, effectiveness,efficiency, building management BRE-Library Various common definitions of intelligent buildings are discussed. A system view of buildings design is a starting point for considering business, space and building management. An intelligent building helps an organisation to fulfil its objectives by facilitating the management of these resources and thereby increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of the organisation. At an even more fundemental level buildings can cope with social and technological change and also are adapted to human needs. (Author abstract)

29 Article sustainability towards a general theory of the human factors of sustainability Judith Heerwagen Paper delivered at the AIA-USGBC Conference on "Mainstreaming Green" Chattanooga, TN October 15-17, 1999 Y sustainability, human factor, conference Because organizations invest far more money in people than in facilities, they should have a vested interest in creating buildings that keep people productive and healthy. Accordingly, investments in sustainable design will pay off in the long run due to enhanced health and productivity associated with green building attributes such as improved indoor air quality and reduced risks of exposures to environmental hazards.

30 Article design, productivity design, productivity and well being: what are the links? Judith Heerwagen Paper presented at: The American Institute of Architects Conference on Highly Effective Facilities Cincinnati, Ohio March 12-14, 1998 Y green building, productivity, benefits, efficiency conference This article will draw upon the conceptual framework and results from a study funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (Building, Technology, State and Community Programs) to identify and assess the “ancillary benefits” of green buildings. Ancillary benefits are defined as unexpected, or hidden, positive outcomes that accrue as a result of the green building, but which are not directly related to its energy efficiency and green features. The project analyzed both individual and organizational level outcomes.

32 Article design Future buildings and their services. Strategic considerations for designers and clients. BORDASS W, LEAMAN A Building Research and Information, v.25 no.4, p.190-195 1997 N briefing, post-occupancy, performance, usability, manageability. BRE-Library The authors explore strategic issues in briefing, design and operation of buildings and their services. Feedback from post-occupancy surveys suggests a need for better integration, less complication, and robust rather than optimum performance, with a concentration on ends rather than means. Emphasis must be given to usability, manageability and minimising downside risks. (Author abstract)

34 Article PROBE Probe: a method of investigation. COHEN R R, BORDASS W T, LEAMAN A, ET AL Proceedings of the CIBSE/ASHRAE Joint National Conference, Harrogate, UK, volume2, pp.201-207 29 Sept - Oct 1996 N IAQ, design, health, control, usability, manageability BRE-Library A two-year research project is being undertaken on how buildings featured in the CIBSE journal have performed in practice. The PROBE (Post-occupancy Review of Building Engineering) project is a joint initiative between the CIBSE Journal, HGa Consulting Engineers, William Bordass Associates and Building Use Studies Ltd. Articles based on the PROBE reports appear at two month intervals in the CIBSE Journal, so readers can compare a building’s performance in use with the original design objectives. This paper describes the method of investigation employed in the PROBE studies, with commentary on its application in practice. (From author abstract)

35 Article design Future buildings and their services: strategic considerations for designers and their clients. BORDASS B, LEAMAN A Proceedings of the CIBSE/ASHRAE Joint National Conference, Harrogate, UK, volume 1, pp.88-96 29 Sept - 1 Oct 1996, N benchmarks, briefing, post-occupancy, performance, usability, manageability. BRE-Library Post-occupancy evaluations of buildings, their services and their occupants, have been broadening out from single issues into all aspects of performance. More data, better described contexts, and developing benchmarks, are now allowing common features to

36 Article Comfort Comfort, control and energy efficiency in offices. BORDASS W T, BROMLEY A K R, LEAMAN A J Building Research Establishment (BRE) BRE Information Paper IP 3/95 Garston, BRE, 1995, 4pp. 1995 N comfort, energy efficiency, control,design. BRE-Library In well-designed and well-managed buildings, comfort and energy efficiency can go together. Occupants should enjoy reasonable comfort under automatic control, but should also be able to alleviate discomfort manually when necessary. BRE studies show that i

37 Article manageability Designing for manageability. LEAMAN A Building Services (CIBSE Journal), v.15 no.3, p.30-31 1993 N control, design, manageability, energy efficiency BRE-Library On the basis of a year-long study of how people make use of controls in buildings, the author suggests that response time is one of the most important factors in providing a working environment acceptable to occupants. The time taken for the building to

39 Article productivity Further findings from the Office Environment Survey: Productivity RAW G J, ROYS M S, LEAMAN A. Building Research Establishment (BRE) Proceedings of Indoor Air '90, Toronto, v.1, p231-236 Jul-90 N productivity, working environment, building favtors. BRE-Library This paper presents further analysis of data obtained in the "Office Environment Survey". Productivity was measured by workers’ ratings of the extent to which physical conditions in the working environment affected their productivity. Productivity was sig

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No.	Type	Topic	Title	Author	Publisher	Date	Available?	ISBN	Keywords	Source	Abstract
c	Article	design	Inside the Office	DUFFY F, TRICKETT T, OADES R, ET AL	Architects' Journal, v186(33 & 34), 33-39, 42-47, 50-51, 53-55, 57-59, 64-65, 67-81	1987	N		offices' design, new technologies	BRE-Library	This special issue includes a series of articles and case studies concerning modern office design which deal with the need for design flexibility, the arrangement of personal space, cabling for office technology, advanced lighting, air-conditioning, refurbishment and management of projects.
17	publication, 156pp.	offices' design	New environments for working: the re-design of offices and environmental systems for new ways of working.	LAING A, DUFFY F, JAUNZENS D, WILLIS S	Building Research Establishment (BRE)	1998	Y		office design, offices' patterns, environmental services	BRE-Library	Changes in patterns of office use now demand a new approach to environmental services; ie HVAC and lighting. Four new metaphors have been devised to describe new organisational patterns of work and their spatial consequences: hive, den, cell and club. This book describes how these concepts can be applied and their consequences for office design and operation. (From introduction)
18	publication, 230 pp.	design	The responsible workplace. The redesign of work and offices.	DUFFY F, LAING A, CRISP V	DEGW London Ltd., Building Research Establishment (BRE) Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann.	1993	N		enviromental standard, requirements, redesign workplace	BRE-Library	Building research informs the future - and nowhere is that more evident than in the design of office buildings. Today, office work is being transformed by information technology, new forms of organisation and global markets. In addition, office buildings have to meet ever higher environmental standards. The past is an unreliable guide in such a rapid period of change. Yet long life structures have still to be erected to accommodate increasingly volatile organisations. DEWG and the Building Research Establishment (BRE) have attempted to identify future requirements and future opportunities. (From foreword)
21	Article	strategic issue in briefing, design, and operation	Future buildings and their services. Strategic considerations for designers and clients	BORDASS W, LEAMAN A	Building Research and Information, v.25 no.4, p.190-195	1997	N		strategic issue, design, optimum performance, minimising risk	BRE-Library	The authors explore strategic issues in briefing, design and operation of buildings and their services. Feedback from post-occupancy surveys suggests a need for better integration, less complication, and robust rather than optimum performance, with a concentration on ends rather than means. Emphasis must be given to usability, manageability and minimising downside risks. (Author abstract)
22	Article	dbuildings'services	Future buildings and their services: strategic considerations for designers and their clients.	BORDASS B, LEAMAN A	Proceedings of the CIBSE/ASHRAE Joint National Conference, Harrogate, UK, volume 1, pp.88-96	29 Sept - 1 1996,	N		post-occupancy evaluation, benchmarks, performance	BRE-Library	Post-occupancy evaluations of buildings, their services and their occupants, have been broadening out from single issues into all aspects of performance. More data, better described contexts, and developing benchmarks, are now allowing common features to be identified and hypotheses tested against existing data and in new surveys. The results begin to reveal a world in which habits, priorities and values can differ significantly from the assumptions which designers, their clients, industry and researchers may make. This has potential impact for briefing, design and operation in an age where conflicting and paradoxical requirements like uncertainty, competitiveness, cost-effectiveness and sustainability are radically affecting the design and use of buildings. (From author abstract)
23	article	ventilation	Ventilation of office buildings: deciding the most appropriate system.	LEAMAN A, COHEN R, JACKMAN P	Heating and Air Conditioning, no.7/8, p.16-18;20;22-24;26-28	July/August 1995,	N		ventilation system, comfort, health, energy factor	BRE-Library	Presents a review of the basic principles of the four main types of ventilation system: air conditioning, mechanical ventilation, natural ventilation and mixed mode. Products on the market are used to illustrate the different types, and their effects on comfort and health and related organisational and design considerations, environmental and energy factors.
24	Article	design	Designing for manageability.	LEAMAN A	Building Services (CIBSE Journal), v.15 no.3, p.30-31	1993	N		design, manageability, working environment	BRE-Library	On the basis of a year-long study of how people make use of controls in buildings, the author suggests that response time is one of the most important factors in providing a working environment acceptable to occupants. The time taken for the building to respond to changes, either by human intervention or an automated building management system is critical.
27	Article	Sick Building Syndrome	Sick Building Syndrome: An Introduction	RAW G J.	Building Research Establishment (BRE) Procs. of the Spring Meeting of the Biodeterioration Society,	1989	N		Sick Building Syndrome	BRE-Library	Sets out BRE’s understanding of what is meant by Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) distinguising it from other building-related health issues. Summarises what is known about possible causes. Finally, there is discussion of what research is needed, and the rationale behind current BRE investigations into the cause of Sick Building Syndrome. (From author abstract)
28	Article	intelligent buildings	What do we mean by intelligent buildings?	DEREK T, CLEMENT-CROOME J	Automation in Construction, v.6 no.5-6, p.394-400	1997	N		intelligent buildings, effectiveness,efficiency, building management	BRE-Library	Various common definitions of intelligent buildings are discussed. A system view of buildings design is a starting point for considering business, space and building management. An intelligent building helps an organisation to fulfil its objectives by facilitating the management of these resources and thereby increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of the organisation. At an even more fundemental level buildings can cope with social and technological change and also are adapted to human needs. (Author abstract)
29	Article	sustainability	towards a general theory of the human factors of sustainability	Judith Heerwagen	Paper delivered at the AIA-USGBC Conference on "Mainstreaming Green" Chattanooga, TN	October 15-17, 1999	Y		sustainability, human factor,	conference	Because organizations invest far more money in people than in facilities, they should have a vested interest in creating buildings that keep people productive and healthy. Accordingly, investments in sustainable design will pay off in the long run due to enhanced health and productivity associated with green building attributes such as improved indoor air quality and reduced risks of exposures to environmental hazards.
30	Article	design, productivity	design, productivity and well being: what are the links?	Judith Heerwagen	Paper presented at: The American Institute of Architects Conference on Highly Effective Facilities Cincinnati, Ohio	March 12-14, 1998	Y		green building, productivity, benefits, efficiency	conference	This article will draw upon the conceptual framework and results from a study funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (Building, Technology, State and Community Programs) to identify and assess the “ancillary benefits” of green buildings. Ancillary benefits are defined as unexpected, or hidden, positive outcomes that accrue as a result of the green building, but which are not directly related to its energy efficiency and green features. The project analyzed both individual and organizational level outcomes.
32	Article	design	Future buildings and their services. Strategic considerations for designers and clients.	BORDASS W, LEAMAN A	Building Research and Information, v.25 no.4, p.190-195	1997	N		briefing, post-occupancy, performance, usability, manageability.	BRE-Library	The authors explore strategic issues in briefing, design and operation of buildings and their services. Feedback from post-occupancy surveys suggests a need for better integration, less complication, and robust rather than optimum performance, with a concentration on ends rather than means. Emphasis must be given to usability, manageability and minimising downside risks. (Author abstract)
34	Article	PROBE	Probe: a method of investigation.	COHEN R R, BORDASS W T, LEAMAN A, ET AL	Proceedings of the CIBSE/ASHRAE Joint National Conference, Harrogate, UK, volume2, pp.201-207	29 Sept - Oct 1996	N		IAQ, design, health, control, usability, manageability	BRE-Library	A two-year research project is being undertaken on how buildings featured in the CIBSE journal have performed in practice. The PROBE (Post-occupancy Review of Building Engineering) project is a joint initiative between the CIBSE Journal, HGa Consulting Engineers, William Bordass Associates and Building Use Studies Ltd. Articles based on the PROBE reports appear at two month intervals in the CIBSE Journal, so readers can compare a building’s performance in use with the original design objectives. This paper describes the method of investigation employed in the PROBE studies, with commentary on its application in practice. (From author abstract)
35	Article	design	Future buildings and their services: strategic considerations for designers and their clients.	BORDASS B, LEAMAN A	Proceedings of the CIBSE/ASHRAE Joint National Conference, Harrogate, UK, volume 1, pp.88-96	29 Sept - 1 Oct 1996,	N		benchmarks, briefing, post-occupancy, performance, usability, manageability.	BRE-Library	Post-occupancy evaluations of buildings, their services and their occupants, have been broadening out from single issues into all aspects of performance. More data, better described contexts, and developing benchmarks, are now allowing common features to
36	Article	Comfort	Comfort, control and energy efficiency in offices.	BORDASS W T, BROMLEY A K R, LEAMAN A J	Building Research Establishment (BRE) BRE Information Paper IP 3/95 Garston, BRE, 1995, 4pp.	1995	N		comfort, energy efficiency, control,design.	BRE-Library	In well-designed and well-managed buildings, comfort and energy efficiency can go together. Occupants should enjoy reasonable comfort under automatic control, but should also be able to alleviate discomfort manually when necessary. BRE studies show that i
37	Article	manageability	Designing for manageability.	LEAMAN A	Building Services (CIBSE Journal), v.15 no.3, p.30-31	1993	N		control, design, manageability, energy efficiency	BRE-Library	On the basis of a year-long study of how people make use of controls in buildings, the author suggests that response time is one of the most important factors in providing a working environment acceptable to occupants. The time taken for the building to
39	Article	productivity	Further findings from the Office Environment Survey: Productivity	RAW G J, ROYS M S, LEAMAN A.	Building Research Establishment (BRE) Proceedings of Indoor Air '90, Toronto, v.1, p231-236	Jul-90	N		productivity, working environment, building favtors.	BRE-Library	This paper presents further analysis of data obtained in the "Office Environment Survey". Productivity was measured by workers’ ratings of the extent to which physical conditions in the working environment affected their productivity. Productivity was sig