2.6 ¦ M ??
2.0 ¦ A ?
¦ P ? ¦ ¦ L P
1.5 ¦ 1.5 ¦ 1.5 ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ P
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ C ¦ E L ¦ C J
¦ ¦ ¦
1.0 ¦ C 1.0 ¦ C 1.0 ¦ F
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ D R ¦ A G L R ¦ Q
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ D Q ¦ C D D G T ¦ G I N R
0.5 ¦ 0.5 ¦ J 0.5 ¦
¦ A A B B E H T ¦ B E F J M N Q ¦ E F G L O R T
¦ J ¦ ¦ J
¦ E F G G H J L M MNNOPRT ¦ F H N O Q T ¦ A B B C D E H H Q T
¦ I ¦ I ¦
0.0 ¦ F L O Q 0.0 ¦ B H O P P R 0.0 ¦ A D N O
Level 1 between- Level 2 between- Level 3 between-
determination ranges determination ranges determination ranges
1.5 ¦ 1.5 ¦ 1.5 ¦ C ?
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ P ¦ ¦
1.0 ¦ 1.0 ¦ C 1.0 ¦
¦ ¦ G H ¦
¦ B ¦ ¦
¦ D R ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ A P T ¦ B H L
0.5 ¦ J 0.5 ¦ M 0.5 ¦ A D
¦ M N ¦ B D E ¦ O
¦ C H Q ¦ F Q ¦ E F
¦ A G ¦ L R ¦
¦ E F L O T ¦ J N O ¦ G J N P Q R T
0.0 ¦ 0.0 ¦ 0.0 ¦
Level 1 between- Level 2 between- Level 3 between-
test-result ranges test-result ranges test-result ranges
¦ Q
¦
7.0 ¦ 13.0 ¦ 29.0 ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ C G Q ¦ T ¦
¦ N ¦ D H ¦
¦ F I ¦ C R ¦ Q
6.5 ¦ D H 12.0 ¦ 27.0 ¦
¦ B L ¦ F I ¦ C D H T
¦ A J M R ¦ E G L ¦ F G
¦ ¦ M ¦ E N
¦ E ¦ N ¦ L
6.0 ¦ 11.0 ¦ 25.0 ¦ P
¦ T ¦ ¦ I R
¦ ¦ B J P ¦ A B J
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
5.5 ¦ 10.0 ¦ A 23.0 ¦
¦ P ? ¦ ¦
1.3 ¦ O ?? 2.4 ¦ O ?? 4.4 ¦ O ??
Level 1 averages Level 2 averages Level 3 averages
Figure 2. Histograms of averages and ranges for the French cross-testing experiment.
¦ I
¦
2.0 ¦ 2.0 ¦ 2.0 ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ ¦ T
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ b ¦
1.5 ¦ 1.5 ¦ 1.5 ¦
¦ g ¦ ¦ C h
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ I L S i ¦ D P
¦ ¦ ¦
1.0 ¦ T U Z 1.0 ¦ B H T Z k 1.0 ¦ A F
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ J P b ¦ J L P Q R S W Y ¦ A D I J L M N O S T a b d h
¦ j ¦ ¦ j
¦ C I N O V W X X b k ¦ E F G K M R T a c dfhh ¦ B L O P V W c d i
0.5 ¦ 0.5 ¦ j 0.5 ¦
¦ A C E G IJ LMVWaaccdefhi ¦ C I M O Q W X a b d f g ¦ E F H H W X Y Z a b e
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ABBDFHKKLNOQRSTUYYZeghij ¦ ABCDEGHJKNOPUUVXZceegij ¦ CEGGJKNQQRSUUXZcfggij
¦ ¦ ¦
0.0 ¦ D E F G H M P Q RSdf 0.0 ¦ A D F N V Y 0.0 ¦ B K M R V Y e f k
Level 1 between- Level 2 between- Level 3 between-
determination ranges determination ranges determination ranges
1.5 ¦ D 2.0 ¦
¦ I ¦ E ?
¦ ¦ i ?
¦ T
¦ O g
1.0 ¦ 1.0 ¦ b 1.0 ¦ g
¦ ¦ a ¦
¦ ¦ Y Z ¦ Y b
¦ R b ¦ A R X ¦ O W d f h
¦ X d ¦ B Q ¦ U
0.5 ¦ h 0.5 ¦ i 0.5 ¦ A K L P
¦ E K M N O P Y g ¦ K L e ¦ H
¦ A C D F S j ¦ N P f ¦ B F I J N R S T X Z
¦ B G a f ¦ G H S U c h ¦ D G Q a c j
¦ H I L Q V W e i ¦ C F J M V d ¦ V
0.0 ¦ J T U Z c 0.0 ¦ E W j 0.0 ¦ C M e
Level 1 between- Level 2 between- Level 3 between-
test-result ranges test-result ranges test-result ranges
¦ ¦ j
¦ Y j ¦
7.0 ¦ 13.0 ¦ J P 29.0 ¦
¦ G Q d h k ¦ N ¦ Y
¦ I J ¦ W ¦
¦ T b f ¦ U X d k ¦ P
¦ D P ¦ G M O Q ¦ G N Q T j
6.5 ¦ O U Z 12.0 ¦ I R V 27.0 ¦ D E J
¦ E F H R ¦ D K T Y a b c ¦ O f
¦ A C K N V W i ¦ C L ¦ I U W Z a
¦ B M c ¦ B E Z h ¦ X h
¦ L a ¦ ¦ L b d
6.0 ¦ 11.0 ¦ H f g 25.0 ¦ C M V i k
¦ g ¦ ¦ A K R
¦ ¦ A e ¦ F H c e
¦ ¦ i ¦ B g
¦ e ¦ ¦
5.5 ¦ 10.0 ¦ F 23.0 ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
¦ S ?? ¦ S ¦
¦ ¦ ¦
5.0 ¦ X ?? 9.0 ¦ 21.0 ¦ S ?
Level 1 averages Level 2 averages Level 3 averages